Game Genres

Genre Group Genre Core Gameplay Focus Examples Year of Emergence
Action-Oriented Games Shooter Weapon-based combat, precision aiming, real-time battles. Call of Duty, DOOM, Overwatch 1978 (Space Invaders)
  Fighting Close-quarters combat, combos, and dueling mechanics. Street Fighter, Tekken, Mortal Kombat 1984 (Karate Champ)
  Platformer Jumping, navigating obstacles, and environmental puzzles. Super Mario Bros., Celeste, Sonic 1981 (Donkey Kong)
  Survival Resource gathering, avoiding death, and managing risks. Minecraft, ARK: Survival Evolved, Rust 1993 (The Oregon Trail Deluxe, DOOM’s survival modes)
  Beat ‘Em Up Defeat waves of enemies using melee or ranged attacks. Streets of Rage, Castle Crashers 1987 (Double Dragon)
Strategy and Tactics Real-Time Strategy (RTS) Tactical decision-making in real-time. StarCraft, Age of Empires, Warcraft III 1982 (Stonkers)
  Turn-Based Strategy Tactical decisions with turn-based gameplay. Civilization, XCOM, Advance Wars 1980 (Eastern Front 1941)
  Tower Defense Defending a base by building and upgrading defensive units. Plants vs. Zombies, Bloons TD, Kingdom Rush 1990 (Rampart)
  MOBA Team-based tactical combat with hero units. Dota 2, League of Legends, Smite 2003 (Defense of the Ancients mod for Warcraft III)
Narrative and Exploration Adventure Exploration, puzzles, and story-driven gameplay. The Legend of Zelda, Uncharted, Tomb Raider 1976 (Colossal Cave Adventure)
  RPG Character progression, quests, and stat-based combat. Final Fantasy, The Witcher, Skyrim 1980 (Ultima, Rogue)
  Horror Tension, survival, and fear-inducing environments. Resident Evil, Silent Hill, Dead Space 1981 (3D Monster Maze)
  Metroidvania Exploration with skill-based progression. Hollow Knight, Castlevania, Metroid 1986 (Metroid)
Creative and Simulation Simulation Mimicking real-world systems or creating environments. The Sims, SimCity, Stardew Valley 1983 (SimCity Prototype)
  Sandbox Open-world gameplay with few predefined goals. Minecraft, Garry’s Mod, Terraria 1984 (Elite)
  Life Simulation Managing the daily lives of characters. The Sims, Animal Crossing 2000 (The Sims)
  City/World Builder Building and managing cities or worlds. SimCity, Cities: Skylines, Planet Coaster 1983 (Utopia)
Puzzle and Skill-Based Puzzle Solving logical or spatial challenges. Tetris, Portal, Candy Crush 1984 (Tetris)
  Rhythm Timing-based gameplay synced to music. Guitar Hero, Dance Dance Revolution 1996 (PaRappa the Rapper)
  Party Games Casual, skill-based mini-games for groups. Mario Party, Fall Guys, Jackbox Games 1998 (Mario Party)
Social and Multiplayer MMORPG Persistent online worlds with large player interactions. World of Warcraft, Guild Wars 2, Runescape 1996 (Meridian 59)
  Battle Royale Last-player-standing competition. Fortnite, PUBG, Apex Legends 2012 (DayZ mod for Arma 2)
  Cooperative Games Players work together to achieve goals. Left 4 Dead, Phasmophobia, It Takes Two 1999 (System Shock 2 co-op mode)
  Competitive Sports Simulated real-world sports. FIFA, NBA 2K, Madden NFL 1972 (Pong)
  Esports-Friendly Games designed for professional competition. CS:GO, Valorant, Rocket League 1999 (Counter-Strike)

Gameplay Videos

Genre Year of Emergence Notable Example Play Gameplay Video
Competitive Sports 1972 Pong Play Pong Gameplay Video
Adventure 1976 Colossal Cave Adventure Play Colossal Cave Adventure Gameplay Video
Shooter 1978 Space Invaders Play Space Invades Gameplay Video
Turn-Based Strategy 1980 Eastern Front 1941 Play Eastern Front 1941 Gameplay Video
RPG 1980 Rogue Play Rogue Gameplay Video
Platformer 1981 Donkey Kong Play Donkey Kong Gameplay Video
Horror 1981 3D Monster Maze Play 3D Monster Maze Gameplay Video
Real-Time Strategy 1982 Stonkers   Gameplay Video
Simulation 1983 SimCity Prototype   Gameplay Video
City/World Builder 1983 Utopia   Gameplay Video
Fighting 1984 Karate Champ   Gameplay Video
Sandbox 1984 Elite   Gameplay Video
Puzzle 1984 Tetris   Gameplay Video
Beat ‘Em Up 1987 Double Dragon   Gameplay Video
Metroidvania 1986 Metroid   Gameplay Video
Tower Defense 1990 Rampart   Gameplay Video
Survival 1993 DOOM (Survival Mode)   Gameplay Video
Rhythm 1996 PaRappa the Rapper   Gameplay Video
MMORPG 1996 Meridian 59   Gameplay Video
Party Games 1998 Mario Party   Gameplay Video
Esports-Friendly 1999 Counter-Strike   Gameplay Video
Cooperative Games 1999 System Shock 2 (co-op mode)   Gameplay Video
Life Simulation 2000 The Sims   Gameplay Video
MOBA 2003 Defense of the Ancients (DOTA)   Gameplay Video
Battle Royale 2012 DayZ (mod for Arma 2)   Gameplay Video